The LA Times on the environmental unfriendliness of private jets like the Gulfstream IV:

… A round-trip Los Angeles-Washington flight on the Gulfstream burns about 4,500 to 5,000 gallons of fuel at a cost of roughly $20,000, depending on local pump prices, said Jeff Beck, a veteran corporate pilot. And that doesn’t include pilot fees, maintenance and parking bills.

“It’s the least environmental thing that politicians can do,” Beck said. He said Gulfstreams devour so much fossil fuel per passenger that “it’s like they’re throwing dinosaur bones out of the tailpipe.”

Uh, Jeff, oil doesn’t come from dinosaur bones.

Pierre Bayard, a Paris University literature professor, has come to [the] rescue with a survivor’s guide to life in the chattering classes. And it is evidently much in need. “How to Talk About Books You Haven’t Read” has become a best seller here, with translation rights snapped up across Europe and under negotiation in Britain and the United States.

“I am surprised because I hadn’t imagined how guilty nonreaders feel,” Bayard, 52, said in an interview. “With this book, they can shake off their guilt without psychoanalysis, so it’s much cheaper.”

Read more.

I have been perusing the web site of the Nashville Electric Service, impelled by the revelation that Al Gore’s mansion in Nashville’s Belle Meade area consumes more energy in one month as the typical Nashville house does in a year.

Through spokesperson Kalee Kreider, the former vice president and recent Oscar winnner has protested that his family,

… tries to offset that carbon footprint by purchasing their power through the local Green Power Switch program — electricity generated through renewable resources such as solar, wind, and methane gas, which create less waste and pollution. “In addition, they are in the midst of installing solar panels on their home, which will enable them to use less power,” Kreider added. “They also use compact fluorescent bulbs and other energy efficiency measures and then they purchase offsets for their carbon emissions to bring their carbon footprint down to zero.”

The Nashville Electric Service offers a program called, “Green Power Switch.” By paying an extra $4 per month to NES, customers can buy 150-KwH of electricity that is generated by means other than fossil fuel plants, such as wind or solar power or methane burning. I’m not sure how “green” that latter really is, since burning methane exhausts carbon dioxide, but let that pass.

NES claims that buying 24 blocks of power ($96) provides a carbon offset equivalent of parking your car for four months. If you drive a pretty typical 15,000 miles per year, that $96 lets you pretend you are driving only 10,000 miles. Or, put another way, pony up a C-note less four bucks and you get to guilt-free drive 20,000 miles per year!

Which leads me to the denouement: I drive about 24,000 miles per year. If you use energy at Gore-like levels, let me sell you an indulgence carbon offset. All you have to do is help me buy a Toyota Camry or Honda Accord hybrid and I will give you an official certificate crediting you, pro-rata, with a carbon offset based on the reduced quantity of fuel those cars use than what I drive now. How can you pass up a deal like that?

Headline: “Israel may open ‘Jesus tomb’ to public.”

Remember when medical science told us that taking an aspirin every day reduced the risk of heart attack and reduced the severity of a heart attack if you had one anyway?

The American Heart Association recommends aspirin use for patients who’ve had a myocardial infarction (heart attack), unstable angina, ischemic stroke (caused by blood clot) or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs or “little strokes”), if not contraindicated. This recommendation is based on sound evidence from clinical trials showing that aspirin helps prevent the recurrence of such events as heart attack, hospitalization for recurrent angina, second strokes, etc. (secondary prevention). Studies show aspirin also helps prevent these events from occurring in people at high risk (primary prevention).

(From the AHA site) Now they say,

Regular use of painkillers such as aspirin, ibuprofen and paracetamol is linked to greater risk of stroke and heart attack from higher blood pressure, research published today shows.

But,

Dr Gary Curhan, who also worked on the study, said men who were advised by a doctor to take an aspirin a day to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke should continue to take them. “The benefit outweighs the risk,” he said.

So just what am I to believe here - about aspirin and heart health specifically or about scientific reliability generally?

That’s “Blinding Glimpse of the Obvious” - headline: Wi-Fi Access Increases Time Spent Online.

In other news: obtaining first driver’s license increases time spent behind the wheel; eating half-gallon of Death by Chocolate every day increases weight; effective store advertsing increases sales.

Oh, wait, uh, yes it will. . . .

Film maker James Cameron says that his upcoming “documentary,” “The Lost Tomb of Jesus,” will prove that Jesus of Nazareth - yes, that Jesus - was buried in a tomb in Jerusalem far from where church historians say he was, and that a stone ossuary in the tomb, discovered in 1980, once held Jesus’ bones. He also claims other ossuaries found in the tomb once held the bones of Mary, Jesus’ mother, Mary Magdalene, assumed to be Jesus’ wife, and Judah, son of Jesus.

Reports This Is London,

His theory, which has already met with derision from experts, centres on a tomb found in the Talpiot suburb in 1980. Inside, archaeologists found ten coffins, or caskets for bones, and three skulls.

Six had names etched into them, which were translated as Jesus son of Joseph, Judah son of Jesus, Maria, Mariamne (thought to be Mary Magdalene’s real name), Joseph and Matthew.

At the time the inscriptions provoked little interest. The Israeli Antiquities Authority said the names were common at the time.

A connection to the holy family was not made until 15 years later, when a film crew stumbled across the collection in a storeroom.

Though the bones had long since been reburied elsewhere, as was the custom, tiny traces of DNA left in the caskets were tested.

The results for the coffins labelled Jesus and Mariamne showed the two were not related by blood, leading Cameron and his team to conclude they were married.

The film’s Israeli director, Simcha Jacobovici, said: ‘Either this cluster-of names represents the tomb of Jesus of Nazareth and his family.

‘Or some other family, with this very same constellation of names, existed at precisely the same time in history in Jerusalem.’

The show will be broadcast in the USA on March 4 0n the Discovery Channel. Cameron had a press conference scheduled for today but it seems not to have been broadcast on the channel. When the announcement about the conference hit the news feeds I was trying to get my site back online after a coding problem and then had to swap out the hard drive of my main computer, so this is the first I’ve been able to address this topic (or any other).

What struck me about the initial coverage was its insistence that the resurrection of Jesus was “a central tenet” of Christianity. A central tenet? It’s the foundational premise! It is the sine qua non of the Christian religion. Absent Jesus’ resurrection, there is nothing to Christianity at all. As St. Paul wrote to the church in Corinth:” If Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile and you are still in your sins. Then those also who have died in Christ have perished. If for this life only we have hoped in Christ, we are of all people most to be pitied.” Indeed.

Jesus’ resurrection is everything. But what about Jesus’ ethics, you may well ask. They are unoriginal to Jesus.

Scholars have already started slamming Cameron’s premise.

However, the archaeologist who oversaw the work at the tomb described the theory as ‘nonsense’.

Amos Kloner said the names found on the coffins had been found in tombs before, adding: ‘It makes a great story for a TV film, but it’s impossible.

‘Jesus and his relatives were a Galilee family with no ties in Jerusalem. The Talpiot tomb belonged to a middle-class family from the first century.’

Breitbart has more:

Amos Kloner, the first archaeologist to examine the site, said the idea fails to hold up by archaeological standards but makes for profitable television.

“They just want to get money for it,” Kloner said. …

Stephen Pfann, a biblical scholar at the University of the Holy Land in Jerusalem who was interviewed in the documentary, said the film’s hypothesis holds little weight.

“I don’t think that Christians are going to buy into this,” Pfann said. “But skeptics, in general, would like to see something that pokes holes into the story that so many people hold dear.”

“How possible is it?” Pfann said. “On a scale of one through 10 _ 10 being completely possible _ it’s probably a one, maybe a one and a half.”

Pfann is even unsure that the name “Jesus” on the caskets was read correctly. He thinks it’s more likely the name “Hanun.” Ancient Semitic script is notoriously difficult to decipher.

Kloner also said the filmmakers’ assertions are false.

“It was an ordinary middle-class Jerusalem burial cave,” Kloner said. “The names on the caskets are the most common names found among Jews at the time.”

Archaeologists also balk at the filmmaker’s claim that the James Ossuary _ the center of a famous antiquities fraud in Israel _ might have originated from the same cave. In 2005, Israel charged five suspects with forgery in connection with the infamous bone box.

The “James ossuary” is an ossuary that was claimed to have belonged to James, the brother of Jesus and the chief apostle of Jerusalem; the ossuary bore the inscription, “Ya ‘a kov bar Yosef a khui Yeshua — “James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus.” It was examined carefully in Israel and was found to have been a extremely meticulous forgery (although, IIRC, there is a small number of Israeli archeologists who say the ossuary was not forged).

I’ll withhold further judgment about the show until I have seen it. That is, if I even watch it. I tire of putting up with stuff like this. The premise of Cameron’s claims of the tomb flatly contradict the record of the gospels and the apostles themselves so much that it becomes more incredible to believe Cameron than the New Testament. Literally. If Cameron is to complete his hypothesis that the foundational claim of Christianity is false, then he also has to account for the motives of the apostles in founding a church they knew was built on a lie, what they gained from it (violent deaths, btw, with no renunciations on their part) and why the un-dead, unresurrected Jesus himself didn’t put a stop to the whole charade, and why the Roman government itself became party to the fraud by recording that it had crucified Jesus and that he was claimed to have been raised. Also, Cameron might want to explain how Jesus survived the crucifixion itself and just how the crucifixion story even got started. Other have tried this tack and failed. And so on.

However, I predict that the Christian street will not riot, no film makers will be beaten or studios burned, Christians will still rent “Titanic,” enriching Cameron even more and no bishops or prelates will demand Cameron be beheaded for insulting Christianity. So before Cameron continues to try to knock the columns from underneath such a safe target as Christianity, maybe he should consider why that’s so.

Update: Heh, Bryan at Hot Air has the same kind of thought: “Cameron’s project looks like pseudoscience dressed up to swing away at the foundation of Christianity. Let’s see him try anything similar with the religion of peace. And then we might see just how fast he sinks into hiding.”

You may have noticed that my site was down for about the last 20 hours. I was trying to clean up some unused codes in the sidebars but deleted something necessary. I don’t know what.

My host, ANHosting.com, restored my site from their last server-side backup, done on Feb. 19. The posts between then and now were not restored. I recovered them, however, before the restore and will be reposting them ASAP. Hopefully, the date-time and the permalinks themselves will be the same, so if anyone linked to them I hope the links will still work. Unfortunately, comments will not be restored. Stand by, thanks!

Update: All online now.

The earth floats: “3-D model shows big body of water in Earth’s mantle.”

A seismologist at Washington University in St. Louis has made the first 3-D model of seismic wave damping — diminishing — deep in the Earth’s mantle and has revealed the existence of an underground water reservoir at least the volume of the Arctic Ocean. It is the first evidence for water existing in the Earth’s deep mantle.

One of the most dramatic features in the Wysession et. al global mantle shear-wave attenuation model is a very high-attenuation anomaly at the top of the lower mantle beneath eastern Asia. This anomaly is believed due to water that has been pumped into the lower mantle via the long history of the subduction of oceanic lithosphere — crust and upper mantle — in this region. The left figure is a slice through the earth, showing the attenuation anomalies within the mantle. The location of the slice — red line in the upper right figure — is a map of the seismic attenuation at a depth of roughly 620 miles. In both images, red shows unusually soft and weak rock, and blue shows unusually stiff rock (yellow and white show near-average values). The two figures in the lower right are resolution tests to see if the data have the resolution to retrieve Earth structure in these parts of the Earth. The sharper the black-white transitions are, the better the resolution is. Credit: Washington University in St. Louis.

This is very interesting stuff, but not surprising: any student of the Hebrew Scriptures knows that there are “fountains of the great deep.”

A leading hurricane scientist disputes claims that global warming has made hurricanes worse.

Chris Landsea, science and operations director of the National Hurricane Center in Miami, said the notion that global warming is causing an increase in hurricanes gained widespread attention after the stormy seasons of 2004 and 2005.

But that perception is wrong and the statistics don’t bear it out, Landsea told about 200 students and professors in the auditorium at USC’s geography building.

Further study continues to show that hurricane activity occurs in cycles of 20 to 45 years, he said. Even though the seasons of 2004, when four hurricanes bashed Florida, and 2005, when Katrina devastated New Orleans and neighboring parts of the Gulf Coast, seemed shocking, they were no more intense than some storms in the early part of the 20th century and in the 1930s, Landsea said.

The 1926-1935 period was worse for hurricanes than the past 10 years and 1900-1905 was almost as bad, he said. So it is not true that there is a trend of more and stronger hurricanes.

“It’s not a trend, it’s a cycle: 20-45 years quiet, 20-45 years busy,” Landsea said. Scientists currently have no idea what causes the time period.

What makes the recent storms seem worse is the amount of damage, and that is because of the amount of people and their structures on the coast, elements that barely existed in the early 1900s. …

“An Inconvenient Truth,” the book by former Vice President Al Gore, also persuaded some people that global warming is contributing to hurricane frequency and strength, Landsea said.

But facts that also refute the theory are that tropical storms are weakening and becoming less frequent in all oceans except the Atlantic, he said.

If the storms were caused by global warming, they would be getting worse everywhere, he said.

You may remember that global warming apocalyptics predicted that last year’s hurricane season would be even worse than 2005, the year of Katrina. In fact, though, no hurricanes made landfall in the United States last year. In a piece published in August 2006, Weatherstreet.com reflected, “Media reports over the last year have suggested that, since global warming will only get worse, and last year’s hurricane activity was supposedly due to global warming, this season might well be as bad as last season.” But it wasn’t.

Part of the reason for the slow season is that tropical western Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are running about normal, if not slightly below normal. …

The cooler SSTs in the Atlantic are not an isolated anomaly. In a research paper being published next month in Geophysical Research Letters, scientists will show that between 2003 and 2005, globally averaged temperatures in the upper ocean cooled rather dramatically, effectively erasing 20% of the warming that occurred over the previous 48 years.

Catch that? In only two years, a fifth of the warming that had occurred in almost a half-century was erased. Twenty percent of the warming erased in four percent of the time. No explanation seems to be forthcoming from global warming apocalyptics as to how this cooling occurred, since they blame human activity for the previous warming. Well, folks, if you’re going to blame us going up, you’re going to have credit us going down.

The Rev. Richard Hall explains this photo:

Visitors to a Liverpool art gallery are being shaken by the sight of a new statue of Jesus. Called ‘The Cleansing of the Temple’, I don’t suppose it is meant to represent ‘Gentle Jesus meek and mild’, but reactions have been even more extreme than the artist intended. Some are convinced the statue is evil and recoil in terror. Others fall to their knees in prayer. Some say they see sparks coming from the statues eyes.

Gerard Van Der Leun quotes the lyrics of 16 Horepowers’ song, “Sinnerman.”

o sinnerman where will you run to
sinnerman where will you run to
sinnerman where will you run to
All on that day

Run to the mountain
The mountain wont hide you
Run to the sea
The sea will not have you
And run to your grave
Your grave will not hold you.
All on that day

Gerard explains,

Many years ago, I was flipping through the pages of a newsmagazine and came upon a photograph of the machete-hacked corpse of a child floating like some half-chewed chunk of jetsam in a backwater of Lake Victoria. This was during what we now think of, because we have to think of it as something distinct from our normal run-of-the-mill massacres, as the Rwanda genocide.

It was a crystal clear photograph showcasing an act of genocide like any other, only the meaningless details changed: children, machetes, an African lake. As a professional in the pornography of violence, the photographer had gotten in close. The child’s eyes could be seen. They were without pupils, a dead fish-belly white; the white of clotted milk. …

The child was long since buried or left to dissolve as mere carrion. What had disturbed me was only the abstraction of a child snagged out of the world with photographic film, transmitted across the oceans via orbiting satellites. printed up on sheets of flimsy paper, and delivered to me and millions of others on a weekly basis…. to what purpose? To. What. Purpose.

Because I needed to know? What did I know? That we are, each and every one of us, capable of the darkest evil? This much I’d known long before I’d known it. Did I see it because I needed more confirmation? I’d long been confirmed. And yet the image stuck in my mind, not as an obsession, but as an unbidden harbinger. And in time, I came to know it’s purpose.

It’s purpose was to teach me to hate God. …

Ah, holy Jesus, how hast thou offended,
that we to judge thee have in hate pretended?
By foes derided, by thine own rejected,
O most afflicted!
(Johann Heermann)

Gerard continues,

Childhood leukemia? God’s on the job.

A close friend is shot-gunned on 14th street in a mugging? God’s there pulling the trigger.

Yet another mass grave in yet another subdivision of Hell in Europe, Africa, the Middle East? God’s working the back-hoe.

It’s all a tough and dirty job and nobody but God has the moral clarity to do it. He’s the original Bastard. A real Professional. To top it all off He had billions of fools convinced of His mercy and His goodness. They were ready to tell you that “God so loved the world. …”

But,

O sinnerman where will you run to
O sinnerman where will you run to
O sinnerman where will you run to
All on that day

There wasn’t any kind of great switcheroo where my hatred was replaced with love and the peace that passeth all understanding. It wasn’t a replacement, but it was a departure.

I did not forget the photograph. I would never forget the photograph. But I did let go of the idea that the evil it embodied was an Act of God. It took me a long time, a lot of hate, and a very simple song before I understood that every act of evil is an Act of Man.

Lo, the Good Shepherd for the sheep is offered;
the slave hath sinned, and the Son hath suffered.
For our atonement, while we nothing heeded,
God interceded.

There was a day when Jesus was teaching in the synagogue at Capernaum, where he said,

“This is indeed the will of my Father, that all who see the Son and believe in him may have eternal life; and I will raise them up on the last day.” …

And he said, “For this reason I have told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted by the Father.” Because of this many of his disciples turned back and no longer went about with him.

O sinnerman where will you run to …
Run to the mountain
The mountain wont hide you
Run to the sea
The sea will not have you
And run to your grave
Your grave will not hold you.

So Jesus asked the twelve, “Do you also wish to go away?” Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom can we go? You have the words of eternal life.”

Your grave will not hold you
all on that day
run to the lord

The Hebrew Scriptures say that the word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: “Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” But Jonah ran away from the LORD and headed for Tarshish. He went down to Joppa, where he found a ship bound for that port. After paying the fare, he went aboard and sailed for Tarshish to flee from the LORD. Then the LORD sent a great wind on the sea, and such a violent storm arose that the ship threatened to break up.

O sinnerman where will you run to
O sinnerman where will you run to
O sinnerman where will you run to?

Then the sailors said to each other, “Come, let us cast lots to find out who is responsible for this calamity.” They cast lots and the lot fell on Jonah. … The sea was getting rougher and rougher. So they asked him, “What should we do to you to make the sea calm down for us?”

“Pick me up and throw me into the sea,” he replied, “and it will become calm. I know that it is my fault that this great storm has come upon you.”

Instead, the men did their best to row back to land. But they could not, for the sea grew even wilder than before. Then they cried to the LORD, “O LORD, please do not let us die for taking this man’s life. Do not hold us accountable for killing an innocent man, for you, O LORD, have done as you pleased.” Then they took Jonah and threw him overboard … .

O sinnerman where will you run to?
Run to the sea
The sea will not have you
And run to your grave
Your grave will not hold you
all on that day.

Where can we run to? The Psalmist asked that question: “Where can I go from your spirit? Where can I flee from your presence?” Jonah surely did not think he could escape God. He instead sought to disqualify himself from carrying out God’s command by running away from what God wanted him to do.

Is that the escape we try to make, too? To run away from our God-commanded responsibilities? Why on earth do we think we can succeed? Not even the grave can hide us when the Lord comes again. The prophet Malachi had words to say about that:

But who may abide the day of his coming? and who shall stand when he appeareth? for he is like a refiner’s fire … And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver: and he shall purify the children of Levi, and refine them like gold and silver, that they may give offerings to the LORD in righteousness.

O sinnerman where will you run to?
Run to the mountain
The mountain won’t hide you
Run to the sea
The sea will not have you
And run to your grave
Your grave will not hold you
all on that day.
Run to the Lord.

When you gonna stop running?
When you gonna cease fleeing?
When you gonna stop hiding?
When you gonna start heeding?

O sinnerman, Jesus is calling!
O sinnerman, Jesus does see you!
O sinnerman, Jesus is coming,
all on that day!

O sinnerman where will you run to?
Run to the Lord!

For me, kind Jesus, was thy incarnation,
thy mortal sorrow, and thy life’s oblation;
thy death of anguish and thy bitter passion,
for my salvation.

Therefore, kind Jesus, since I cannot pay thee,
I do adore thee, and will ever pray thee,
think on thy pity and thy love unswerving,
not my deserving.

Update: I should point out that “Sinnerman” is not original to 16 Horsepower but goes back quite a bit. As Gerard says, it’s a spiritual, though whether it goes back to the antebellum South I do not know. Here is an old recording to The Seekers singing it. You’ll notice that their lyrics differ somewhat from those of 16 Horsepower. I used that group as my reference because it aligned with the lyrics Gerard quoted, although he did not credit the song to any group.

… a false front for the urge to rule it.” So said H.L. Mencken, quoted by US Rep. John Linder in, “Global-warming theory and the eugenics precedent.”

Rep. Linder summarizes the consensus behind the early 20th century’s eugenics movment. The core of the movement - it was in fact considered cutting edge science at the time - was that the state should control whom may have children. Eugenics was racist to its very core, but,

The most respected scientists from Harvard, Yale, Princeton and other bastions of intellectual rigor retreated to a complex on Long Island named Cold Spring Harbor. Their support came from the Ford Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation and the Harriman fortune working with the U.S. Departments of Agriculture, State and other agencies.

The “science” was not lacking important public supporters. Theodore Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Woodrow Wilson were enthusiastic believers. The theory won approval of Supreme Court justices, leaders in higher education and Nobel Prize winners. The founder of Planned Parenthood, Margaret Sanger, was one of the most vocal adherents. She established the first “birth control” clinic in 1916.

They believed that “the best” human beings were not having as many children as inferior ones — the foreigners, immigrants, Jews, Blacks, degenerates, the unfit and the “feeble minded.” Sanger said “fostering the good-for-nothing at the expense of the good is an extreme cruelty.” She spoke of the burden of caring for “this dead weight of human waste.” H.G. Wells spoke against “ill-trained swarms of inferior citizens.” Roosevelt said, “Society has no business to permit degenerates to reproduce their kind.” George Bernard Shaw said that only eugenics could save mankind.

Eugenics faded in the aftermath of the revelations of the Holocaust. Linder continues:

One must ask, “How in the world did university researchers come to conclusions that defended this outrageous affront to society?” A look back at the research concluded that the researchers adjusted their outcomes to support the theory of those paying for the research.

Linder thus proceeds to challenge the scientific consensus on global warming.

It has been known for years that most CO2 is dissolved in the oceans. It is called “carbon sinking.” The oceans typically contain 60 times as much CO2 as the atmosphere. It is also known that colder waters dissolve more CO2 than warm waters. Which do you think is cause and which is effect? We currently have CO2 levels of about 380 ppm. A recent study completed at UC Davis concluded that the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere 300 million years ago was on the order of 2,000 ppm. Then this, “the same increase that experts expect by the end of this century as remaining reserves of fossil fuels are burned.” If it is a given that human burning of fossil fuels is what will cause an increase of CO2 levels up to 2,000 ppm in the next 93 years, don’t they owe us an explanation as to who burned those fossil fuels 300 million years ago? In fact we are being treated to a modern scientific shell game. The most prevalent and efficient greenhouse gas is not CO2; it is water vapor, which accounts for about 60 percent of the heat-trapping gases while CO2 accounts for about 26 percent. So, why are we being served a daily diet of our destroying the environment with our behavior as it relates to CO2? Because our behavior has little to do with the amount of water vapor, so it is a non-starter when it comes to those whose principal goal is ruling our lives.

So my questions are:

* Have ocean warmings preceded global warmings, and the rise in atmospheric CO2 levels been a trailing, not leading, indicator of warming?

* Also, does CO2 have a specific wavelegth of solar radation that it blocks? And if so, once CO2 reaches a certain level in the atmosphere, would it achieve a saturation level above which no additional radiation would be blocked? That is, is there a natural upper limit to the greenhouse effect of CO2, and if so do we know what it is?

* Rep. Linder reports that atmospheric water vapor “accounts for about 60 percent of the heat-trapping gases,” presumably by volume. Does water vapor also account for 60 percent of the greenhouse effect? In fact, if water vapor is more efficient in greenhousing than CO2, does that mean that it accounts for more than 60 percent of the greenhouse effect?